文质彬彬·每日好词语 | 涵泳

　　涵泳

　　“涵泳”原指阅读经典作品时，要像潜泳一样沉浸其中、反复玩味，方能有所收获，激发自己的情志和感悟。作为一种读书做学问的方法，它强调调动自己的经验和学养，努力思考书中的问题、观点、材料及事实，使自己的学问如源头活水而常新。作为一种理解与诠释文艺作品的方法，它强调努力进入作品特定的情境，通过反复体会与咀嚼，最终领略作品的深层意蕴及审美意境。它也表明文艺作品具有兴发志意和感化人心的效力。

　　Be Totally Absorbed

　　(in Reading and Learning)

　　This term originally refers to an attitude in reading classics, requiring one to become deeply absorbed in the work as if one were submerged in water, repeatedly ruminating on its meaning until one is able to fully digest its significance so that it informs one's own feelings and insights. In time this becomes a way of learning, impelling one to mobilize one's own experience and accumulated knowledge to think deeply about what he is reading so that knowledge is endlessly renewed and refreshed. As a method of understanding and interpreting literary works, it requires one to place one's own thought in the particular world of the work so that one becomes deeply aware of why the work was so written and can master its subtle meanings and aesthetic conception. This method is premised on the understanding that literary works can be deeply inspiring and enlightening.

　　引例

　　学者读书，须要敛身正坐，缓视微吟，虚心涵泳，切己省察。（《朱子语类》卷十一）（学者读书，必须收腹端坐，慢慢看，轻声念，放空心灵，沉浸其中，并结合自身经验进行思考和体察。）